ABSTRACT
OBJETIVOS: Verificar a prevalência da diástase dos músculos retoabdominais (DMRA) em primíparas e multíparas no pós-parto vaginal imediato, comparar a DMRA supraumbilical e infraumbilical e correlacioná-las com a idade materna, o índice de massa corporal (IMC), a idade gestacional (IG) e o tempo de trabalho de parto (TTP). MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, sendo registradas informações pessoais, antecedentes obstétricos e a DMRA supra e infraumbilical. Os pontos de medida foram 4,5 cm acima e abaixo da cicatriz umbilical, sendo graduada pelo número de dedos entre as bordas mediais dessa musculatura. Para cada dedo, foi estimado 1,5 cm. A DMRA foi considerada presente e relevante quando houvesse um afastamento >2 cm na região supra e/ou infraumbilical. RESULTADOS: Foram analisadas 467 fichas de dados, sendo a prevalência da DMRA supraumbilical >2 cm de 68 por cento e infraumbilical de 32 por cento. A prevalência supraumbilical entre as primíparas e multíparas foi idêntica (68 por cento) e infraumbilical maior nas multíparas (19,8 por cento e 29,2 por cento). As médias da DMRA foram 2,8 (±1,2) cm supraumbilical e 1,5 (±1,1) cm infraumbilical, apresentando diferença significativa (p=0,0001) e fraca correlação (r=0,461). A média da DMRA infraumbilical foi significativamente maior nas multíparas (p<0,018). Não houve correlação com a idade materna, IMC, IG e TTP. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência e a média da DMRA foram maiores na região supraumbilical tanto nas multíparas quanto nas primíparas. Na região infraumbilical, a média DMRA foi significativamente maior nas multíparas. A DMRA infraumbilical apresentou fraca correlação com a supraumbilical.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles (DRAM) among primiparae and multiparae immediately after vaginal delivery, and to compare DRAM above and below the umbilicus and correlate these with the mother's age, body mass index, gestational age and duration of labor. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out. Personal information, obstetric history and DRAM measurements 4.5 cm above and below the umbilicus were recorded. DRAM was graded by the number of fingerbreadths (approximately 1.5 cm each) between the medial edges of this muscle. DRAM was considered present and relevant if the separation was >2 cm at any measurement point. RESULTS: Data from 467 women were analyzed. Above the umbilicus, the prevalence of DRAM >2 cm was 68 percent. Below the umbilicus, the prevalence of DRAM >2 cm was 32 percent. The prevalence of DRAM above the umbilicus among primiparae and multiparae was identical (68 percent), and the prevalence below the umbilicus was greater among multiparae (19.8 percent and 29.2 percent). The mean DRAM above the umbilicus was 2.8 cm (±1.2) and the mean DRAM below the umbilicus was 1.5 cm (±1.1), representing a significant difference (p=0.0001) and a weak correlation (r=0.461). The mean DRAM below the umbilicus was significantly greater among the multiparae (p<0.018) and there was no correlation with the mother's age, body mass index, gestational age or duration of labor. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of DRAM and mean DRAM were greater above the umbilicus both among multiparae and primiparae. Below the umbilicus, the mean DRAM was significantly greater among multiparae. DRAM below the umbilicus presented a weak correlation with DRAM above the umbilicus.